| Title: | Dietary patterns and genetic predisposition to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. |
| Lead Institution: | Zhejiang University |
| Principal investigator: | Professor Jingjing Jiao |
Application 47365
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About
Obesity and related metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), are considered to be driven by genetic, environmentaland lifestyle factors, including dietary factors. Although accumulative evidence demonstrates an inverse association between healthy dietary patterns and the risk of obesity, T2D and CVD, there has been substantial and well-recognized within-population heterogeneity in responseto dietary factors, which may partly result from genetic variation and gene-diet interactions. Hence, the explanation of average responses to dietary prevention strategies from previous studies assuming that interventions work ubiquitously in individuals with different genetic makeup can often be misleading. Alternative approaches are warranted to explain disparities of obesity,T2D and CVD risk.To date, large-scale genomewide association studies in Europeans have successfully identified genetic loci robustly associated with risk of obesity, T2D and coronary artery disease (CAD), respectively. These risk alleles, when aggregated into a genetic risk score, can provide a continuous measure ofthe overall genetic susceptibility to obesity, T2D, or CAD. However, whether genetic predisposition to obesity,T2D and CVD could be modified by dietary factors is unclear. Therefore, this proposed project aims to examine i) the associations of different dietary patterns with risk of obesity, diabetes and CVD; ii) to assess the effect of genetic risk scores based on known related loci on the prediction of obesity, diabetes and CVD; ii) to explore potential interactions between dietary patterns and genetic risk scores on risk of developing obesity, diabetes and CVD, respectively. The project has a specific focus on different dietary patterns and obesity-related metabolic diseases, but it will also look at important components of diet patterns, including red meat, fish, dairy products coffee etc. The duration of this project will be 3 years. We expect to identify vulnerable individuals who are more likely to experience a differential response to dietary prevention strategies on obesity, T2D or CVD. This knowledge may then be translated into personalized recommendations aimed at stratifying dietary interventions according to individual's genetic makeup.6 Publications
| Pub ID | Title | Author(s) | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7724 | Association of Fish Oil Supplementation with Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Individuals with Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank | Xiaohui Liu (+9) | 2023 | Nutrients |
| 9484 | Circulating fatty acids, genetic risk, and incident coronary artery disease: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study | Pan Zhuang (+9) | 2023 | Science Advances |
| 8762 | Fish oil supplementation and risk of dementia among diabetic patients: a prospective study of 16,061 older patients | Yin Li (+7) | 2024 | The journal of nutrition health & aging |
| 8664 | Fried food consumption, genetic risk, and incident obesity: a prospective study | Xuzhi Wan (+7) | 2024 | Food & Function |
| 8003 | Healthy dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients: a prospective cohort study | Xiaohui Liu (+8) | 2023 | Food & Function |
| 7845 | Potato consumption, polygenic scores, and incident type 2 diabetes: An observational study | Xuzhi Wan (+5) | 2023 | Food Research International |
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