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Abstract
Observational analyses showed that ever-drinking versus non-drinking was positively associated with hay fever and inversely with asthma, but not with allergic sensitization and serum total IgE. In contrast, genetic predisposition to consume more alcohol did not affect risk of hay fever, asthma, allergic sensitization or serum levels of total IgE. The discrepancy of results between observational and Mendelian randomization analyses could be due to potential residual confounding, e.g. by socioeconomic or life-style factors. Our results challenge the concept of a risk-increasing effect of alcohol consumption on allergic disease and asthma.