| Title: | Macronutrient Intake and Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Nine-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study. |
| Journal: | Journal of Alzheimer's Disease |
| Published: | 1 Jan 2022 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34864666/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-215042 |
Publication 7218
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association between macronutrient intake and incident dementia.OBJECTIVE: To identify an optimal range of macronutrient intake associated with reduced risk of dementia.
METHODS: Our analysis included 93,389 adults aged 60-75 years from the UK Biobank. Diet was assessed using a web-based 24-h recall questionnaire between 2009-2012. Dementia was ascertained using hospital inpatient, death records, and self-reported data up to January 2021. We calculated a macronutrient score based on associations between an individual's macronutrient intake and incident dementia.
RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,171 incident dementia cases were documented. We found U-shape relationships for carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake with incident dementia. Compared to individuals with optimal carbohydrate intake, those with high intake (HR (95%CI): 1.48(1.15-1.91)) but not low intake (1.19(0.89-1.57)) had a higher risk of dementia. In the multivariable analysis, a low-fat intake (HR (95%CI): 1.42(1.11-1.82)) was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia. After adjustment for covariates, a high (HR (95%CI): 1.41(1.09-1.83)) but not low protein intake (1.22(0.94-1.57)) was associated with an increased risk of dementia. Individuals in quintiles 3-5 of optimal macronutrient score had a lower risk of dementia compared with those in quintile 1 (HR (95%CI): 0.76(0.64-0.91) for quintile 3, 0.71(0.60-0.85) for quintile 4, 0.74(0.61-0.91) for quintile 5). The association between macronutrient score and incident dementia was significant across subgroups of age, gender, education, and smoking.
CONCLUSION: Moderate intakes of carbohydrate, fat, and protein were associated with the lowest risk of incident dementia.
7 Authors
- Xianwen Shang
- Edward Hill
- Zhuoting Zhu
- Jiahao Liu
- Zongyuan Ge
- Wei Wang
- Mingguang He
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