| Title: | Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| Journal: | Scientific Reports |
| Published: | 22 May 2017 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28533558/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01977-w |
| URL: | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-01977-w.pdf |
Publication 2825
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Abstract
Observational studies on smoking and risk of hay fever and asthma have shown inconsistent results. However, observational studies may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma by using the smoking-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16969968/rs1051730. We included 231,020 participants from 22 population-based studies. Observational analyses showed that current vs never smokers had lower risk of hay fever (odds ratio (OR) = 0·68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·61, 0·76; P < 0·001) and allergic sensitization (OR = 0·74, 95% CI: 0·64, 0·86; P < 0·001), but similar asthma risk (OR = 1·00, 95% CI: 0·91, 1·09; P = 0·967). Mendelian randomization analyses in current smokers showed a slightly lower risk of hay fever (OR = 0·958, 95% CI: 0·920, 0·998; P = 0·041), a lower risk of allergic sensitization (OR = 0·92, 95% CI: 0·84, 1·02; P = 0·117), but higher risk of asthma (OR = 1·06, 95% CI: 1·01, 1·11; P = 0·020) per smoking-increasing allele. Our results suggest that smoking may be causally related to a higher risk of asthma and a slightly lower risk of hay fever. However, the adverse events associated with smoking limit its clinical significance.</p>
54 Authors
- Tea Skaaby
- Amy E. Taylor
- Rikke K. Jacobsen
- Lavinia Paternoster
- Betina H. Thuesen
- Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Sofus C. Larsen
- Ang Zhou
- Andrew Wong
- Maiken E. Gabrielsen
- Johan H. Bjørngaard
- Claudia Flexeder
- Satu Männistö
- Rebecca Hardy
- Diana Kuh
- Sarah J. Barry
- Line Tang Møllehave
- Charlotte Cerqueira
- Nele Friedrich
- Tobias N. Bonten
- Raymond Noordam
- Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori
- Christian Taube
- Leon E. Jessen
- Alex McConnachie
- Naveed Sattar
- Mark N. Upton
- Charles McSharry
- Klaus Bønnelykke
- Hans Bisgaard
- Holger Schulz
- Konstantin Strauch
- Thomas Meitinger
- Annette Peters
- Harald Grallert
- Ellen A. Nohr
- Mika Kivimaki
- Meena Kumari
- Uwe Völker
- Matthias Nauck
- Henry Völzke
- Chris Power
- Elina Hyppönen
- Torben Hansen
- Torben Jørgensen
- Oluf Pedersen
- Veikko Salomaa
- Niels Grarup
- Arnulf Langhammer
- Pål R. Romundstad
- Frank Skorpen
- Jaakko Kaprio
- Marcus R Munafò
- Allan Linneberg
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 9142 | Using Mendelian Randomisation to investigate the causal effects of caffeine and smoking on health outcomes. |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health