| Title: | Conjoint association of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with long-term risk of mortality: a population-based cohort study. |
| Journal: | Journal of Global Health |
| Published: | 3 Jul 2026 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42396899/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.16.04204 |
Publication 20452
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Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are common maternal complications. We sought to evaluate the independent and joint association of GDM and HDPs with all-cause, premature, and cause-specific mortality.</p>
Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank, which included 220 953 women who reported at least one live birth. Individual and joint associations of GDM and HDPs with all-cause, premature, and cause-specific mortality were estimated using Cox regression models.</p>
Results: During a follow-up of 12.9 years, women who experienced GDM had a higher risk of all-cause (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-1.96), premature (HR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.24-2.06) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (HR = 2.60; 95% CI = 1.70-3.96). Women with a history of HDPs had an increased risk for CVD mortality (HR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.51-2.83), but the association with all-cause death and premature death was not significant. Individuals who encountered both GDM and HDPs had a 3.9-fold higher relative risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 3.93; 95% CI = 1.88-8.24]) and a 4.3-fold higher risk of premature mortality (HR = 4.31; 95% CI = 1.94-9.57), compared to those without GDM or HDPs.</p>
Conclusions: Women with GDM have a higher risk of all-cause, premature mortality and both risks were higher than the impacts of a history of HDPs based on a large-scale population. The co-occurrence of GDM and HDPs will deteriorate the aforementioned situation compared to a single cardiometabolic pregnancy complication.</p>
11 Keywords
- Adult
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Cause of Death
- Cohort Studies
- Diabetes, Gestational
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced
- Pregnancy
- Risk Factors
- United Kingdom
13 Authors
- Darui Gao
- Yang Zhang
- Ying Gao
- Jing Li
- Chenglong Li
- Jie Liang
- Yang Pan
- Wenya Zhang
- Yongqian Wang
- Mengmeng Ji
- Junqing Zhang
- Fanfan Zheng
- Wuxiang Xie
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 90492 | Identification of risk factors for major chronic diseases among older adults |
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