| Title: | Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Modifiable Vascular Risk Factors: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis in the UK Biobank Cohort |
| Journal: | American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |
| Published: | 6 Dec 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41456992/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2025.11.016 |
Publication 16777
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between vascular risk factors, APOE genotype, and perivascular spaces (PVS), with attention to sex- and region-specific patterns in older adults.</p>
DESIGN: Population-based observational study using automated PVS quantification and multivariable regression models.</p>
SETTING: UK Biobank, a large prospective cohort study of community-dwelling adults across the United Kingdom.</p>
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 38,121 participants (aged 47-90) were included cross-sectionally, and 4,225 longitudinally (mean follow-up 2.61 ± 1.0 years).</p>
MEASUREMENTS: A deep learning model was applied to brain MRI to quantify PVS in the basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale (CSO). Vascular risk factors included hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, diabetes, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Models were adjusted for age, sex, scanner, and APOE-ɛ4 carrier status.</p>
RESULTS: Cross-sectionally, hypertension (b = 0.089, 95% CI = 0.069-0.108), hypercholesterolemia (b = 0.043, 95% CI = 0.017-0.064), obesity (b = 0.040, 95% CI = 0.016-0.064), and smoking (b = 0.056, 95% CI = 0.037-0.074) were associated with more BG-PVS. APOE-ɛ4 carriers (b = 0.039, 95% CI = 0.0015-0.076) and hypertension (b = 0.093, 95% CI = 0.056-0.130) were linked to more CSO-PVS. Moderate alcohol intake was associated with fewer BG-PVS in males but was associated with higher BG-PVS in females. Longitudinally, risk factor associations with PVS were limited.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the utility of PVS as a biologically meaningful indicator of vascular brain health, with potential relevance for early identification of neurodegenerative risk in older adults.</p>
8 Authors
- Shizuka Hayashi
- Jiyang Jiang
- Yang Song
- Matthew Paradise
- David K E Chan
- Dadong Wang
- Perminder S Sachdev
- Wei Wen
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 98013 | Elucidating the underlying determinants of human ageing, with a focus on the brain and exceptional longevity |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health