| Title: | Long-Term or Recurrent Antibiotic Use in Early Life and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort and a Case-Control Study |
| Journal: | Journal of Diabetes |
| Published: | 18 Jun 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40533417/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70113 |
| URL: | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1753-0407.70113 |
Publication 16298
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Antibiotics in childhood are commonly used and have been linked to gut microbiome dysbiosis and metabolic disorders. However, direct evidence regarding the association between long-term or recurrent antibiotic use (LRAU) during early life and diabetes was scarce. We performed this study to investigate this association in two population-based studies.</p>
METHODS: We undertook a prospective analysis encompassing 147 010 participants from the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of self-reported LRAU during early life on diabetes risk. We also conducted a case-control study within the Chinese population, in which 263 diabetes cases and 526 controls were matched for age and living location. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were was calculated using logistic regression models.</p>
RESULTS: We identified 4314 incident cases of type 2 diabetes over 1 840 944 person-years of follow-up in the UK Biobank. LRAU during early life was associated with a 26% higher risk of diabetes after accounting for putative risk factors (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.16-1.37) in the UK biobank. We observed a more evident association between LRAU and an elevated risk of diabetes in the case-control study (OR, 3.32; 95% CI, 2.06-5.38). The primary finding was robust to several subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: LRAU during early life may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Caution should be exercised when prescribing long-term or recurrent antibiotics to children and adolescents.</p>
15 Keywords
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- United Kingdom
12 Authors
- Zijun Li
- Qiangsheng He
- Xin He
- Xin Xing
- Songbo Fu
- Xiaoping Sun
- Mina Ma
- Danni Wang
- Ningning Mi
- Jinyu Zhao
- Jinqiu Yuan
- Kehu Yang
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 51671 | Metabolism syndrome and risk of cancer |
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