| Title: | Associations of Fish Oil Supplementation With Risks of Osteoarthritis and Arthroplasty: A Large Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study |
| Journal: | Journal of Nutrition |
| Published: | 30 Jul 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40750039/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.07.017 |
Publication 16077
WARNING: the interactive features of this website use CSS3, which your browser does not support. To use the full features of this website, please update your browser.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fish oil, rich in ω-3 (n-3) PUFAs, has been considered beneficial for human health; however, mixed effects on osteoarthritis (OA) and arthroplasty risk were reported.</p>
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the association between fish oil supplementation and incident OA and arthroplasty in a large population-based prospective cohort.</p>
METHODS: In total, 255,853 participants from the UK Biobank were included and divided into fish oil users and nonusers according to their answers to a questionnaire at baseline. The association between fish oil use and different sites of OA, knee arthroplasty, and hip arthroplasty incidence was assessed using weighted Cox regression models.</p>
RESULTS: During a median of 10.90, 11.44, and 11.47 y of follow-up, 33,290, 7734, and 6376 participants developed all OA, experienced hip arthroplasty, or experienced knee arthroplasty, respectively. After adjustment for multiple covariates, fish oil supplementation was associated with significantly increased risks of all OA [hazard ratio (HR): 1.18; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.23], multisite OA (HR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.25), knee OA (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.32), hip OA (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.31), hand OA (HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.34), hip arthroplasty (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.35), and knee arthroplasty (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.49), whereas no significant association was found between fish oil supplementation and spine OA (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.18). Subgroup analyses showed the association between fish oil use and risks of OA and arthroplasty was modified by age and BMI (P-interaction < 0.05).</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Fish oil supplementation is positively associated with risks of OA and arthroplasty. Our findings provide new evidence highlighting the importance of cautious use of fish oil supplements and the need for informed dietary strategies for OA prevention. Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms.</p>
14 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Arthroplasty
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip
- Dietary Supplements
- Female
- Fish Oils
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Osteoarthritis
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- United Kingdom
7 Authors
- Zhilan Li
- Yancong Chen
- Yinyan Gao
- Boya Xu
- Vivian Yawei Guo
- Weiru Zhang
- Irene Xy Wu
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 64555 | Interaction effect of physical activity and environmental factors on health outcomes in general populations |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health