| Title: | Inequalities in residential green space and trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: Different associations by sex and socioeconomic status |
| Journal: | Environmental Pollution |
| Published: | 25 Apr 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40288626/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126316 |
Publication 15752
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Abstract
Residential green space has the potential to benefit cardiometabolic health. However, little is known about its impacts on cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). Furthermore, the capacity of access to green space to reduce health inequalities during the development of CMM is unclear, and longitudinal evidence is urgently needed. Hence, a large prospective study based on the UK Biobank was conducted. CMM was defined as the coexistence of at least two conditions including type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Multi-state models were used to assess the impacts of green space on the transitions of CMM, from free of cardiometabolic disease to first cardiometabolic disease (FCMD), subsequently to CMM, and finally death. This study included 328,260 participants with a median follow-up of 12.5 years. The benefits of access to green space were observed for transitions from baseline to FCMD, from baseline to death, and from FCMD to death, with HRs of 0.975 (95 % CI: 0.959, 0.991), 0.956 (95 % CI: 0.931, 0.982) and 0.943 (95 % CI: 0.897, 0.990) per IQR increase in the percentage of green space, respectively. Although access to green space benefited early transitions related to FCMD, its protective role was not found in the progression from FCMD to CMM and finally death. Furthermore, access to green space was associated with a reduction in health inequalities influenced by sex and socioeconomic status in the earliest transition from healthy to FCMD. Future policies should prioritize green space investments to sustainably enhance cardiometabolic health and improve health inequalities.</p>
15 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Female
- Health Status Disparities
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multimorbidity
- Prospective Studies
- Sex Factors
- Social Class
- Socioeconomic Factors
- United Kingdom
6 Authors
- Teng Yang
- Jiawei Wang
- Jianbo Jin
- Xin Hu
- Guoxing Li
- Jing Huang
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 83167 | Health risks of chronic diseases associated with meteorological index and air pollutants: evaluation and projections under different climate change scenarios |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health