| Title: | Real-world evidence for an association of vitamin D supplementation with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the UK Biobank |
| Journal: | Clinical Nutrition |
| Published: | 16 Apr 2025 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40267517/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2025.04.017 |
Publication 15486
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a substantial healthcare burden. The Australian D-Health trial recently showed potential efficacy of vitamin D supplementation (VDS) in reducing major ASCVD events. Whether the efficacy could be translated into real-world effectiveness is unclear.</p>
METHODS: Leveraging data from the UK Biobank, we used Cox regression with competing risk of all-cause mortality to assess the association of self-reported regular VDS (83.3 % from over-the-counter) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels with ASCVD as a composite endpoint and as separate endpoints including ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, and atherosclerotic disease.</p>
RESULTS: Among 409,822 study participants aged 40-69 years, 20.7 % were vitamin D deficient (25[OH]D < 30 nmol/L) and 34.4 % were vitamin D insufficient (25[OH]D 30-<50 nmol/L). Regular VDS was reported by 4.3 % of the study participants. During the follow-up of 15.9 years, 11.6 % of participants developed ASCVD. Compared to vitamin D sufficiency, vitamin D deficiency was associated with a significantly increased risk of the total ASCVD (hazard ratio [95 % confidence interval]: 1.10 [1.07-1.13]) and all separate ASCVD endpoints in the fully adjusted model with 48 covariates. Consistently, compared to non-users, VDS was associated with a reduced total ASCVD risk in the model fully adjusted for the 50 covariates (0.94[0.90-0.98]). Regarding the individual ASCVD disorders, VDS was associated with reduced IHD risk (0.90[0.86-0.96]).</p>
CONCLUSION: Self-reported regular VDS and being vitamin D sufficient were both associated with reduced ASCVD risk in real-world settings. For people with low 25(OH)D levels, regular VDS may be a beneficial strategy for ASCVD prevention.</p>
13 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Atherosclerosis
- Biological Specimen Banks
- Dietary Supplements
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- UK Biobank
- United Kingdom
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin D Deficiency
6 Authors
- Sha Sha
- Ruijie Xie
- Tafirenyika Gwenzi
- Youqing Wang
- Hermann Brenner
- Ben Schöttker
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 62848 | Vitamin D and health outcomes |
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