| Title: | Plasma Levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Adverse Kidney Outcomes |
| Journal: | American Journal of Kidney Diseases |
| Published: | 27 Feb 2024 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38423161/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.12.020 |
Publication 8649
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Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Many studies have reported polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) as significant predictors of cardiovascular disease, but little is known about the relationship between PUFA levels and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study explored this relationship among individuals with and without CKD.</p>
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study.</p>
SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 78,950 participants without CKD (cohort 1) and 7,233 participants with CKD (cohort 2) in the UK Biobank Study with PUFA levels measured between 2007 and 2010.</p>
EXPOSURES: Percentage of plasma PUFA, omega-3 fatty acid (FA), omega-6 FA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and linoleic acid relative to total fatty acid.</p>
OUTCOMES: Incident CKD for cohort 1 and incident kidney failure requiring replacement therapy (KFRT) for cohort 2.</p>
ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, including a cause-specific competing risk model.</p>
RESULTS: In cohort 1, individuals with higher quartiles of plasma PUFA levels had healthier lifestyles and fewer comorbidities. During 841,007 person-years of follow-up (median 11.9 years), incident CKD occurred in 4.5% of participants (incidence rate, 39.1 per 10,000 person-years). For incident CKD in cohort 1, the adjusted cause-specific hazard ratios (HR) (95% CIs) for quartiles 2, 3, and 4 were 0.83 (0.75-0.92), 0.85 (0.76-0.96), 0.71 (0.62-0.82), respectively, compared with quartile 1. This inverse relationship was consistently observed for all PUFA types. In cohort 2, although, total PUFA levels were not associated with KFRT, higher PUFA subtype levels of DHA were associated with a lower risk of KFRT.</p>
LIMITATIONS: Observational design and limited generalizability to individuals with higher disease severity; no data on eicosapentaenoic acid.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Among individuals without CKD, higher plasma PUFA levels and all four PUFA components were associated with a lower risk of incident CKD. In individuals with CKD, only the omega-3 component of PUFA, DHA, was associated with a lower risk of KFRT.</p>
10 Authors
- Hee Byung Koh
- Hyung Woo Kim
- Young Su Joo
- Chan-Young Jung
- Hyo Jeong Kim
- Tae Ik Chang
- Jung Tak Park
- Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Shin-Wook Kang
- Seung Hyeok Han
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health