| Title: | Ventromedial frontoinsular connectivity is associated with long-term smoking behavior change in aging |
| Journal: | Imaging Neuroscience |
| Published: | 9 May 2024 |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00142 |
| URL: | https://direct.mit.edu/imag/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/imag_a_00142/2359131/imag_a_00142.pdf |
Publication 9960
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Abstract
Abstract A central question in the field of cognitive aging and behavioral neuroscience is what enables some individuals to successfully change their behavior more than others? Smoking is a significant risk factor for cognitive decline, particularly in vulnerable populations, including those who are at an elevated risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Developing effective smoking reduction strategies is therefore a public health priority. The goal of the current study is to better understand the brain mechanisms underlying long-term smoking behavior change in cognitively normal, but at-risk, older adults. Neuroimaging and human lesion studies have implicated the insula and its functional network in subjective interoceptive awareness of cigarette craving and smoking-cue reactivity. We sought to characterize the extent to which anterior insular resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) MRI predicted long-term smoking reduction (mean: 2.7 years, range 8 months-4 years) using a seed-to-voxel approach. Twenty-three (18 women; 26% APOE4 carriers; 61.5 years, SD = 3.7) cognitively unimpaired older individuals who smoked cigarettes at their baseline visit and have a first-degree family history of AD (at least one parent or multiple siblings affected) were included from a prospective longitudinal cohort, Pre-symptomatic Evaluation of Experimental or Novel Treatments for Alzheimer Disease (PREVENT-AD) in the current study. We found that reduced long-term smoking behavior was associated with enhanced antagonistic RSFC between bilateral anterior insula (aINS) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). In a second pre-registered replication study within a larger, independent sample of 118 cognitively normal older adults who smoked cigarettes at baseline from the UK Biobank (73 women; 27.9% APOE4 carriers; 60.3 years, SD = 2.7), we found that baseline enhanced antagonistic RSFC between anterior insula and vmPFC predicted long-term smoking reduction (mean 5.2 years; ranging from 3 years to 7 years). To our knowledge, this is the largest study to examine the neural substrates of long-term smoking cessation in human aging. Our results suggest that antagonistic RSFC between aINS and vmPFC is a brain marker of future smoking reduction and disease prevention in older adults at risk for AD.</p>
9 Authors
- Nagashree Thovinakere
- Meishan Ai
- Adrián Noriega de la Colina
- Caitlin Walker
- Giulia Baracchini
- Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier
- Sylvia Villeneuve
- Nathan Spreng
- Maiya R. Geddes
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