| Title: | Body mass index and cancer risk among adults with and without cardiometabolic diseases: evidence from the EPIC and UK Biobank prospective cohort studies |
| Journal: | BMC Medicine |
| Published: | 23 Nov 2023 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37993940/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03114-z |
| URL: | https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12916-023-03114-z |
Publication 8266
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Abstract
BackgroundWhether cancer risk associated with a higher body mass index (BMI), a surrogate measure of adiposity, differs among adults with and without cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate separate and joint associations of BMI and CVD/T2D with the risk of cancer.MethodsThis is an individual participant data meta-analysis of two prospective cohort studies, the UK Biobank (UKB) and the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), with a total of 577,343 adults, free of cancer, T2D, and CVD at recruitment. We used Cox proportional hazard regressions to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between BMI and incidence of obesity-related cancer and in turn overall cancer with a multiplicative interaction between BMI and the two cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). HRs and 95% CIs for separate and joint associations for categories of overweight/obesity and CMD status were estimated, and additive interaction was quantified through relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).ResultsIn the meta-analysis of both cohorts, BMI (per ~ 5 kg/m2) was positively associated with the risk of obesity-related cancer among participants without a CMD (HR: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.07,1.16), among participants with T2D (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05,1.18), among participants with CVD (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11,1.24), and suggestively positive among those with both T2D and CVD (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.94,1.25). An additive interaction between obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and CVD with the risk of overall cancer translated into a meta-analytical RERI of 0.28 (95% CI: 0.09-0.47).ConclusionsIrrespective of CMD status, higher BMI increased the risk of obesity-related cancer among European adults. The additive interaction between obesity and CVD suggests that obesity prevention would translate into a greater cancer risk reduction among population groups with CVD than among the general population.</p>
33 Authors
- Emma Fontvieille
- Vivian Viallon
- Martina Recalde
- Reynalda Cordova
- Anna Jansana
- Laia Peruchet-Noray
- Hannah Lennon
- Alicia K. Heath
- Dagfinn Aune
- Sofia Christakoudi
- Verena Katzke
- Rudolf Kaaks
- Elif Inan-Eroglu
- Matthias B. Schulze
- Lene Mellemkjær
- Anne Tjønneland
- Kim Overvad
- Marta Farràs
- Dafina Petrova
- Pilar Amiano
- María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Conchi Moreno-Iribas
- Sandar Tin Tin
- Giovanna Masala
- Sabina Sieri
- Fulvio Ricceri
- Salvatore Panico
- Anne M. May
- Evelyn M. Monninkhof
- Elisabete Weiderpass
- Marc J. Gunter
- Pietro Ferrari
- Heinz Freisling
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 55870 | Obesity and cancer risk and overall and cancer specific mortality: the role of metabolic health and comorbidities |
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