| Title: | Planetary Health Diet, Socioeconomic Inequalities, and Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality Risk. |
| Journal: | Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology |
| Published: | 25 Feb 2026 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41739583/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.2215/cjn.0000000997 |
Publication 17629
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: While planetary health diet (PHD) benefits human and environmental health, its impact on chronic kidney diseases (CKD) under socioeconomic deprivation remains unclear. We investigated the associations between PHD and kidney function, CKD, mortality, and environmental impacts, while evaluating the moderating role of socioeconomic deprivation.</p>
METHODS: We included 125,581 UK Biobank and 35,021 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) participants. The associations between PHD score, kidney function, CKD, mortality, and environmental impacts were assessed using Cox proportional-hazards model, logistic regression, or multiple linear regression models. Multiplicative interactions between PHD scores and index of multiple deprivation and its domains on these associations were evaluated.</p>
RESULTS: In the UK Biobank and NHANES, median PHD score was 62.34 (53.74, 70.97) and 40.45 (31.38, 50.21), respectively. In UK biobank, each 1-point higher PHD score was associated with greater eGFR [β (95% CI): 0.05 (0.04, 0.05)]. Compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) of PHD score, the highest quartile (Q4) was associated with lower CKD [HR (95% CI): 0.75 (0.69, 0.81)] and all-cause mortality [0.83 (0.78, 0.89)]. Similarly, in NHANES participants each 1-point higher PHD adherence was associated with greater eGFR [0.06 (0.05, 0.08)], lower CKD prevalence [OR Q4 vs Q1: 0.80 (0.73, 0.88)] and lower risk of all-cause mortality [HR Q4 vs Q1: 0.85 (0.77, 0.93)]. Higher PHD score was correlated with lower GHG emission and land use, but with higher water use. Stronger inverse associations of PHD with cystatin C were observed among individuals with higher health deprivation (P<0.01), while stronger inverse associations with all-cause mortality were observed among those with higher employment and living environment deprivation (P=0.01).</p>
CONCLUSIONS: PHD was associated with improved kidney health, lower all-cause mortality, GHG emission, and land use, with strongest health benefits in socioeconomically deprived populations. Our study supports PHD as a strategy for concurrent human and planetary health, highlighting its potential to address health inequities.</p>
10 Authors
- Shaohui Liu
- Qiyini Ma
- Li'e Zhang
- Quanhong Chen
- Yubo Zhang
- Jindi Li
- Jinling Guo
- Yunan Xu
- Hao Chen
- Yunfeng Zou
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 97753 | Association of multiple environmental exposures with adverse health impacts and their interaction with genetics and diet |
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