| Title: | Dietary Patterns Characterized by Fat Type in Association with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study of UK Biobank Participants |
| Journal: | Journal of Nutrition |
| Published: | 1 Nov 2021 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34522964/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab275 |
| Citations: | 25 (17 in last 2 years) as of 8 Aug 2024 |
Publication 4689
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The fat type consumed is considered a risk factor for developing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, these associations have not been investigated using a dietary patterns approach, which can capture combinations of foods and fat type consumed.</p>
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate associations between dietary patterns with varying proportions of SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs and obesity, abdominal obesity, and self-reported T2D incidence.</p>
METHODS: This study included UK Biobank participants with 2 or more 24-h dietary assessments, free from the outcome of interest at recruitment, and with outcome data at follow-up (n = 16,523; mean follow-up: 6.3 y). Reduced rank regression was used to derive dietary patterns with SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (% of energy intake) as response variables. Logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, was used to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and obesity [BMI (kg/m2) ≥30], abdominal obesity (waist circumference; men: ≥102 cm; women: ≥88 cm) and T2D incidence.</p>
RESULTS: Two dietary patterns, DP1 and DP2, were identified: DP1 positively correlated with SFAs (r = 0.48), MUFAs (r = 0.67), and PUFAs (r = 0.56), characterized by higher intake of nuts, seeds, and butter and lower intake of fruit and low-fat yogurt; DP2 positively correlated with SFAs (r = 0.76) and negatively with PUFAs (r = -0.64) and MUFAs (r = -0.01), characterized by higher intake of butter and high-fat cheese and lower intake of nuts and seeds. Only DP2 was associated with higher obesity and abdominal obesity incidence (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.45; and OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.38, respectively). Neither of the dietary patterns was associated with T2D incidence.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide evidence that a dietary pattern characterized by higher SFA and lower PUFA foods is associated with obesity and abdominal obesity incidence, but not T2D.</p>
11 Keywords
- Biological Specimen Banks
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Dietary Fats
- Fatty Acids
- Female
- Humans
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Obesity
- United Kingdom
6 Authors
- Barbara Brayner
- Gunveen Kaur
- Michelle A Keske
- Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Carmen Piernas
- Katherine M Livingstone
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