| Title: | Diet and colorectal cancer in UK Biobank: a prospective study |
| Journal: | International Journal of Epidemiology |
| Published: | 17 Apr 2019 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30993317/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz064 |
| URL: | https://academic.oup.com/ije/article-pdf/49/1/246/32995636/dyz064.pdf |
Publication 4675
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Most of the previous studies on diet and colorectal cancer were based on diets consumed during the 1990s.</p>
METHODS: We used Cox-regression models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for colorectal cancer by dietary factors in the UK Biobank study. Men and women aged 40-69 years at recruitment (2006-10) reported their diet on a short food-frequency questionnaire (n = 475 581). Dietary intakes were re-measured in a large sub-sample (n = 175 402) who completed an online 24-hour dietary assessment during follow-up. Trends in risk across the baseline categories were calculated by assigning re-measured intakes to allow for measurement error and changes in intake over time.</p>
RESULTS: During an average of 5.7 years of follow-up, 2609 cases of colorectal cancer occurred. Participants who reported consuming an average of 76 g/day of red and processed meat compared with 21 g/day had a 20% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4-37] higher risk of colorectal cancer. Participants in the highest fifth of intake of fibre from bread and breakfast cereals had a 14% (95% CI: 2-24) lower risk of colorectal cancer. Alcohol was associated with an 8% (95% CI: 4-12) higher risk per 10 g/day higher intake. Fish, poultry, cheese, fruit, vegetables, tea and coffee were not associated with colorectal-cancer risk.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of red and processed meat at an average level of 76 g/d that meets the current UK government recommendation (≤90 g/day) was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Alcohol was also associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, whereas fibre from bread and breakfast cereals was associated with a reduced risk.</p>
21 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Biological Specimen Banks
- Colorectal Neoplasms
- Diet
- Dietary Fiber
- Feeding Behavior
- Female
- Fruit
- Humans
- Male
- Meat
- Middle Aged
- Poultry
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Seafood
- United Kingdom
- Vegetables
3 Authors
- Kathryn E Bradbury
- Neil Murphy
- Timothy J Key
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