| Title: | Genetically predicted dietary intake and risks of colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomisation study |
| Journal: | BMC Cancer |
| Published: | 17 Sep 2024 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39289647/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-12923-1 |
Publication 13474
WARNING: the interactive features of this website use CSS3, which your browser does not support. To use the full features of this website, please update your browser.
Abstract
BackgroundEffects of confounders on associations between diet and colorectal cancer (CRC) in observational studies can be minimized in Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. This study aimed to investigate observational and genetically predicted associations between dietary intake and CRC using one-sample MR.MethodsUsing genetic data of over 93 million variants, we performed a genome-wide association study to find genomic risk loci associated with dietary intake in participants from the UK Biobank. Then we calculated genetic risk scores of diet-related variants and used them as instrumental variables in the two-stage least square MR framework to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations. We also performed observational analyses using age as a time-scale in Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsAllele scores were calculated from 399 genetic variants associated with the consumption of of red meat, processed meat, poultry, fish, milk, cheese, fruits, vegetables, coffee, tea, and alcohol in participants from the UK Biobank. In MR analysis, genetically predicted fruit intake was significantly associated with a 21% decreased risk of CRC (HR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.66-0.95), and there was a marginally inverse association between vegetable intake and CRC (HR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.71-1.02). However, null findings were observed in multivariable analysis, with HRs (95% CIs) of 0.99 (0.98-1.01) and 0.99 (0.98-1.00) per increment of daily servings of fruits and vegetables, respectively.ConclusionDietary habits were attributable to genetic variations, which can be used as instrumental variables in the MR framework. Our study supported a causal relationship between fruit intake and a decreased risk of CRC and suggested an effective strategy of consuming fruits in the primary prevention of CRC.</p>
16 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Colorectal Neoplasms
- Diet
- Female
- Fruit
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Humans
- Male
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Risk Factors
- United Kingdom
5 Authors
- Tung Hoang
- Sooyoung Cho
- Ji-Yeob Choi
- Daehee Kang
- Aesun Shin
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health