| Title: | Inflammatory Biomarkers and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders |
| Journal: | JAMA Psychiatry |
| Published: | 21 Aug 2024 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39167384/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.2185 |
Publication 13173
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Abstract
Importance: Individuals with psychiatric disorders have been reported to have elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers, and prospective evidence is limited regarding the association between inflammatory biomarkers and subsequent psychiatric disorders risk.</p>
Objective: To assess the associations between inflammation biomarkers and subsequent psychiatric disorders risk.</p>
Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a prospective cohort study including individuals from the Swedish Apolipoprotein Mortality Risk (AMORIS) cohort, with no prior psychiatric diagnoses and having a measurement of at least 1 inflammatory biomarker. Data from the UK Biobank were used for validation. Longitudinal trajectories of studied biomarkers were visualized before diagnosis of psychiatric disorders in the AMORIS cohort via a nested case-control study. In addition, genetic correlation and mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to determine the genetic overlap and causality of the studied associations using publicly available GWAS summary statistics.</p>
Exposures: Inflammatory biomarkers, eg, leukocytes, haptoglobin, immunoglobulin G (IgG), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelets, or albumin.</p>
Main Outcomes and Measures: Any psychiatric disorder or specific psychiatric disorder (ie, depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders) was identified through the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Revision codes.</p>
Results: Among the 585 279 individuals (mean [SD] age, 45.5 [14.9] years; 306 784 male [52.4%]) in the AMORIS cohort, individuals with a higher than median level of leukocytes (hazard ratio [HR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.09-1.14), haptoglobin (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.12-1.14), or CRP (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04) had an elevated associated risk of any psychiatric disorders. In contrast, we found an inverse association for IgG level (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89-0.94). The estimates were comparable for depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders, specifically, and these results were largely validated in the UK Biobank (n = 485 620). Analyses of trajectories revealed that individuals with psychiatric disorders had higher levels of leukocytes and haptoglobin and a lower level of IgG than their controls up to 30 years before the diagnosis. The MR analysis suggested a possible causal relationship between leukocytes and depression.</p>
Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, inflammatory biomarkers including leukocytes, haptoglobin, CRP, and IgG were associated with a subsequent risk of psychiatric disorders, and thus might be used for high-risk population identification. The possible causal link between leukocytes and depression supports the crucial role of inflammation in the development of psychiatric disorders.</p>
8 Authors
- Yu Zeng
- Charilaos Chourpiliadis
- Niklas Hammar
- Christina Seitz
- Unnur A. Valdimarsdóttir
- Fang Fang
- Huan Song
- Dang Wei
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