| Title: | Total and regional fat-to-muscle mass ratio and risks of incident all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia |
| Journal: | Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle |
| Published: | 20 Jul 2022 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35856185/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13054 |
| URL: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9530585 |
| Citations: | 9 (9 in last 2 years) as of 8 Aug 2024 |
Publication 12298
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR), which integrates the antagonistic effects of fat and muscle mass, has been proposed as a useful indicator to assess disease risk independent of overall obesity. However, little is known about the association between FMR and dementia risk. We aimed to prospectively investigate the sex-specific associations between total and regional FMR and incident dementia.</p>
METHODS: A total of 491 420 participants (223 581 men and 267 839 women; mean age 56.7 ± 8.2 and 56.3 ± 8.0 years old, respectively) free of dementia at baseline from the UK Biobank were included. Fat mass and muscle mass were measured using a bioelectrical impedance assessment device. Cox regression analyses were used to examine the associations of total and regional FMR with incident all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). The shape of the associations of the continuous scale of FMR and incident dementia were examined using restricted cubic spline analysis.</p>
RESULTS: During a median 8.65 years of follow-up, we documented 2 225 incident all-cause dementia cases, including 836 AD and 468 VD cases. There was an L-shaped association between whole body FMR and all-cause dementia risk in both sexes after adjusting body mass index (BMI) and other covariates (P for non-linear <0.001 in men and women), where all-cause dementia risk decreased steeply with increasing FMR and levelled off at around the medians (0.35 in men, 0.61 in women) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.96; P = 0.019) and 0.60 (0.47, 0.77; <0.001) per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in men and women, respectively. Compared with other body parts, FMR of the leg showed the strongest inverse associations [HR (95% CI; P) per 1 SD below the medians: 0.60 (0.48, 0.75; <0.001); 0.61 (0.47, 0.79; <0.001) in men and women, respectively]. Specifically, the inverse associations of whole body FMR on all-cause dementia risk were significant only among participants over the age of 60 (P for trend <0.001). Multivariable adjusted Cox models showed inverse associations of whole body FMR with AD in men only (P for trend = 0.003), whereas no statistically significant decrease was detected in VD among men and women.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses provide strong evidence for L-shaped associations of total and regional FMR with the development of dementia among participants aged 60 years or older independent of overall obesity.</p>
10 Keywords
- Aged
- Alzheimer Disease
- Body Mass Index
- Dementia, Vascular
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Muscles
- Obesity
10 Authors
- Wenxiu Wang
- Yongchun Luo
- Zhenhuang Zhuang
- Zimin Song
- Ninghao Huang
- Yueying Li
- Xue Dong
- Wendi Xiao
- Yimin Zhao
- Tao Huang
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